To systematically map existing oral frailty risk prediction models for older adults, focusing on model development methods, outcome definitions, retained predictors, validation strategies, predictive performance, risk of bias, and applicability.
Approach:
Search Strategy: Databases searched included PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, Embase, CINAHL, ProQuest, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, VIP, and SinoMed from inception to April 10, 2023.
Key Findings:
Seventeen studies included, mostly cross-sectional and concentrated in China.
Oral frailty definitions and assessment approaches varied; prevalence ranged from 25.50% to 92.50%.
Logistic regression was commonly used for model development, with nomograms for displaying prediction tools.
Frequent predictors included age, nutrition-related factors, swallowing difficulty, frailty, and denture-related factors.
Fifteen studies reported internal validation; only two provided external validation.
Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ranged from 0.725 to 0.985.
Pregnant patients with type 1 diabetes had higher bleeding-on-probing and plaque levels than healthy controls in a small pilot study, though most other periodontal measures did not differ significantly between groups.
