Matrix Stiffness Regulates Gingival Immunity

3D hydrogel and explant models link tissue mechanics to fibroblast signaling and immune cell differentiation.

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Reduced extracellular matrix stiffness in gingival fibroblasts increases pro-inflammatory signaling and cytokine production.
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A tunable collagen-alginate hydrogel system was developed to mimic the mechanical properties of healthy and diseased gingival tissue.
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Stiff hydrogels suppressed inflammatory responses in fibroblasts, while soft hydrogels increased secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators.
4

Stiff matrices upregulated extracellular matrix synthesis pathways, whereas soft matrices promoted inflammatory signaling and matrix degradation.
5

Restoring mechanical integrity of the gingival extracellular matrix impairs downstream inflammatory cascades, promoting immune homeostasis.

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