Mutational Signatures May Define Oral Cancers

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Oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas without known risk factors exhibit distinct mutational and molecular profiles compared to tobacco-associated cancers.
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Researchers identified two main subtypes among tumors with no identified risk factors, predominantly represented by SBS1 and SBS1/APOBEC mutational clusters.
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The SBS1 cluster accounted for 60% of tumors with no identified risk factors, while the SBS1/APOBEC cluster represented 34% of these tumors.
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Younger patients were more frequently found in the SBS1 cluster, whereas older patients were distributed between the SBS1 and SBS1/APOBEC groups.
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The study highlights distinct genomic characteristics of no-identified-risk-factor oral cancers, revealing unique biological pathways and immune response mutations.

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